Dab tsi yog qhov nthuav dav ntawm Omicron variant?

Dab tsi yog qhov nthuav dav ntawm Omicron variant? Yuav ua li cas hais txog kev sib txuas lus? Nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm qhov hloov pauv tshiab ntawm COVID-19, cov pej xeem yuav tsum tau saib xyuas dab tsi hauv lawv txoj haujlwm niaj hnub? Saib National Health Commission cov lus teb kom paub meej

Q: Dab tsi yog qhov kev tshawb pom thiab nthuav dav ntawm Omicron variants?
A: Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 9, 2021, qhov sib txawv ntawm COVID-19 B.1.1.529 tau kuaj pom thawj zaug hauv South Africa. Tsuas yog ob lub lis piam, tus mutant tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob tshiab hauv lub xeev Gauteng, South Africa, nrog kev loj hlob sai. Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 26, leej twg txhais tias nws yog qhov thib tsib "kev txhawj xeeb ntawm kev txhawj xeeb" (VOC), hu ua Greek tsab ntawv Omicron variant. Raws li lub Kaum Ib Hlis 28, South Africa, Ixayees, Belgium, Ltalis, Britain, Austria thiab Hong Kong, Tuam Tshoj tau saib xyuas cov tswv yim ntawm mutant. Cov tswv yim ntawm cov mutant tsis tau pom nyob rau hauv lwm lub xeev thiab nroog hauv Suav teb. Tus Omicron mutant tau pom thawj zaug thiab tshaj tawm hauv South Africa, tab sis nws tsis tau txhais hais tias tus kab mob no hloov zuj zus hauv South Africa, thiab qhov chaw nrhiav pom ntawm cov mutant tsis yog qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm.

Q: Dab tsi yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm Omicron mutant?

A: Raws li cov ntaub ntawv qhia los ntawm COVID-19 database GISAID, tus naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw hloov pauv ntawm COVID-19's variant tau ntau dua li ntawm txhua qhov kev sib txawv ntawm COVID-19 nyob rau hauv 2 xyoo tsis ntev los no, tshwj xeeb hauv Spike. Nws yog kwv yees tias tej zaum yuav muaj peb yam nram qab no:
(1) tom qab kis tau tus kab mob COVID-19, cov neeg mob tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob tau ntsib kev hloov pauv mus ntev thiab muaj ntau qhov kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev.
(2) Kev kis tus kab mob COVID-19 hauv qee pawg tsiaj tau hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kis tus tsiaj, nrog kev hloov pauv ntau dua li ntawm tib neeg, thiab tom qab ntawd ntws mus rau tib neeg.
(3) qhov kev hloov pauv tau nyob hauv COVID-19 genome tau ntev lawm hauv cov tebchaws rov qab lossis thaj chaw. Vim tsis muaj peev xwm saib xyuas, kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kab mob nruab nrab tiam neeg tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom lub sijhawm.

Q: Dab tsi yog qhov transmissibility ntawm Omicron variant?
A: Tam sim no, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txog kev sib kis, kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Omicron mutant hauv ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, Omicron mutant tseem muaj qhov tseem ceeb amino acid hloov chaw ntawm alpha (alpha), beta (beta), gamma (gamma) thiab delta (delta) spike proteins ntawm thawj plaub VOC mutants, suav nrog cov chaw hloov pauv uas txhim kho cov cell receptor affinity thiab kab mob. replication muaj peev xwm. Cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm kab mob sib kis thiab kev soj ntsuam hauv chav kuaj pom tau hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg kis tus kabmob Omicron mutant hauv South Africa tau nce zuj zus thiab qee qhov hloov pauv delta mutant. Lub peev xwm kis tau tus mob xav tau kev soj ntsuam thiab kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.

Q: Omicron variant cuam tshuam li cas rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob?
A: Kev tshawb fawb qhia tias yog K417N, E484A lossis N501Y kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv COVID-19 S protein, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav raug txhim kho. Muaj kev hloov pauv peb zaug ntawm "k417n + e484a + n501y" hauv Omicron mutant; Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau lwm yam kev hloov pauv uas yuav txo tau qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv monoclonal. Lub superposition ntawm kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem txo qis kev tiv thaiv ntawm qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Omicron mutant, thiab lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab kawm ntxiv.

Q: Puas yog Omicron mutant cuam tshuam rau nucleic acid nrhiav kom tau cov tshuaj reagents tam sim no siv hauv Suav teb?
A: Kev tshuaj ntsuam genomic ntawm Omicron mutant tau pom tias nws qhov chaw hloov pauv tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov rhiab heev thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub ntsiab nucleic acid nrhiav pom cov tshuaj reagents hauv Suav teb. Cov chaw hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv thaj chaw muaj kev sib txawv ntawm S protein gene, tsis nyob rau hauv lub primer thiab soj ntsuam lub hom phiaj ntawm nucleic acid nrhiav reagent tso tawm nyob rau hauv 8th tsab ntawm New Coronavirus mob ntsws tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev pab cuam (ORF1ab gene thiab N gene tso tawm los ntawm Tuam Tshoj CDC tus kab mob rau lub ntiaj teb). Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau lub chaw soj nstuam hauv South Africa qhia tias cov nucleic acid nrhiav reagent nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm S gene yuav tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom S gene ntawm Omicron mutant.

Q: Cov kev ntsuas twg los ntawm cov teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam?
A: Raws li qhov kev sib kis sai sai ntawm Omicron mutant hauv South Africa, ntau lub tebchaws thiab cheeb tsam, suav nrog Tebchaws Meskas, Tebchaws Askiv, Tebchaws Europe, Russia, Israel, Taiwan thiab Hong Kong, tau txwv tsis pub nkag los ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. South Africa.

Q: Dab tsi yog Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tiv thaiv?
A: Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tswj lub tswv yim ntawm "kev tiv thaiv sab nraud thiab kev tiv thaiv sab hauv rov qab" hauv Suav teb tseem muaj txiaj ntsig rau Omicron mutant. Lub koom haum ntawm cov kab mob kis ntawm Tuam Tshoj Center for Disease Control thiab kev tiv thaiv tau tsim ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb nucleic acid nrhiav kom tau Omicron mutant, thiab txuas ntxiv ua cov kab mob genome soj ntsuam rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm. Cov kev ntsuas saum toj no yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub sijhawm tshawb pom ntawm Omicron mutants uas tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau Tuam Tshoj.

Q: Dab tsi yog cov lus pom zoo ntawm leej twg los cuam tshuam nrog Omicron variant?
A: LEEJ TWG pom zoo kom txhua lub tebchaws ntxiv dag zog rau COVID-19 kev saib xyuas, tshaj tawm thiab tshawb fawb, thiab siv cov kev ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem kom tsis txhob kis tus kabmob. Nws raug nquahu kom cov tib neeg siv cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo, suav nrog kev tswj xyuas qhov deb tsawg kawg 1m hauv cov chaw pej xeem, hnav lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, qhib qhov rais kom ua pa, ua kom huv huv, hnoos lossis txham ntawm lub luj tshib lossis daim ntawv phuam, tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam. zam kev mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj cua tsis zoo lossis muaj neeg coob coob. Piv nrog rau lwm cov VOC mutants, nws tsis paub meej tias qhov kev sib kis, kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm Omicron mutants muaj zog dua. Cov txiaj ntsig ua ntej yuav tau txais nyob rau ob peb lub lis piam tom ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, nws paub tias txhua qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hnyav lossis tuag taus, yog li kev tiv thaiv kev kis tus kabmob yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshiab no tseem siv tau los txo cov mob hnyav thiab tuag.

Q: Hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm qhov hloov pauv tshiab ntawm COVID-19, cov pej xeem yuav tsum xyuam xim rau lawv txoj haujlwm niaj hnub li cas?
A: (1) Kev hnav lub npog ntsej muag tseem yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los thaiv kev kis tus kabmob, thiab nws kuj tseem siv tau rau Omicron variant. Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj txhaj tshuaj tau ua tiav, nws tseem yuav tsum tau hnav lub npog ntsej muag hauv cov chaw pej xeem sab hauv, kev thauj mus los hauv pej xeem thiab lwm qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxuav tes tsis tu ncua thiab ua haujlwm zoo hauv qhov cua hauv tsev. (2) Ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev saib xyuas tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas xav tias muaj tus kab mob tshiab coronavirus mob ntsws xws li ua npaws, hnoos, ua tsis taus pa, thiab lwm yam, saib xyuas lub sijhawm ntawm lub cev kub thiab kev kho mob. (3) Txo qhov tsis tsim nyog nkag thiab tawm. Tsuas yog ob peb hnub, ntau lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam tau ua tiav tau tshaj tawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm Omicron mutant. Tuam Tshoj tseem tab tom ntsib txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm cov mutant no, thiab kev nkag siab thoob ntiaj teb ntawm tus mutant no tseem txwv. Yog li ntawd, kev mus rau qhov chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo siab yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg, kev tiv thaiv tus kheej thaum mus ncig yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob Omicron mutant yuav tsum raug txo.